# Copyright (C) 2025 Arcee AI
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only

from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional

import torch


class SparsificationMethod(str, Enum):
    magnitude = "magnitude"
    random = "random"
    magnitude_outliers = "magnitude_outliers"
    della_magprune = "della_magprune"


class RescaleNorm(str, Enum):
    l1 = "l1"
    l2 = "l2"
    linf = "linf"


def rescaled_masked_tensor(
    tensor: torch.Tensor,
    mask: torch.Tensor,
    norm: Optional[RescaleNorm],
    eps: float = 1e-7,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Apply a mask to a tensor and rescale to match the original tensor norm.

    Args:
        tensor (torch.Tensor): Input tensor.
        mask (torch.Tensor): Mask to apply.
        norm (RescaleNorm): Which norm to match (l1, l2, linf).
        eps (float): Tolerance for small norms to avoid division by zero.
    """
    masked = tensor * mask
    if norm is None:
        return masked
    elif norm == RescaleNorm.l1:
        before_scale = tensor.abs().sum()
        after_scale = masked.abs().sum()
    elif norm == RescaleNorm.l2:
        before_scale = tensor.norm()
        after_scale = masked.norm()
    elif norm == RescaleNorm.linf:
        before_scale = tensor.abs().max()
        after_scale = masked.abs().max()
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError(norm)
    if before_scale < eps or after_scale < eps:
        return masked
    return masked * (before_scale / after_scale)


def magnitude(
    tensor: torch.Tensor, density: float, rescale_norm: Optional[RescaleNorm] = None
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Masks out the smallest values, retaining a proportion of `density`."""
    if density >= 1:
        return tensor

    k = int(density * tensor.numel())

    assert k > 0, "not gonna zero out the whole tensor buddy"
    mask = torch.zeros_like(tensor)
    w = tensor.abs().view(-1)
    if w.device.type == "cpu":
        w = w.float()
    topk = torch.argsort(w, descending=True)[:k]
    mask.view(-1)[topk] = 1

    res = rescaled_masked_tensor(tensor, mask, rescale_norm)
    return res


def magnitude_outliers(
    tensor: torch.Tensor,
    density: float,
    rescale_norm: Optional[RescaleNorm] = None,
    gamma: float = 0.01,
):
    """Masks out smallest values in addition to large outliers.

    The `gamma` proportion of the largest weights are first removed, then the
    smallest weights are removed to achieve the desired density.

    Args:
        tensor (torch.Tensor): The tensor to sparsify.
        density (float): The proportion of weights to retain.
        gamma (float): Percent of largest weights to remove.
    """
    if density >= 1:
        return tensor

    num_elems = tensor.numel()
    target_n = int(density * num_elems)
    n_top = int(gamma * num_elems)
    n_bot = num_elems - target_n - n_top

    if n_bot < 0:
        # cut down on the number of large weights to remove in
        # order to hit the target density
        n_top += n_bot
        n_bot = 0

    w = tensor.abs().view(-1)
    if w.device.type == "cpu":
        w = w.float()
    indices = torch.sort(w, descending=False).indices
    mask = torch.zeros_like(tensor)

    mask.view(-1)[indices[n_bot:-n_top]] = 1

    res = rescaled_masked_tensor(tensor, mask, rescale_norm)
    return res


def bernoulli(
    tensor: torch.Tensor, density: float, rescale_norm: Optional[RescaleNorm] = None
) -> torch.Tensor:
    if density >= 1:
        return tensor

    if (tensor.device.type != "cpu") or tensor.dtype == torch.bfloat16:
        work_dtype = tensor.dtype
    else:
        # torch.bernoulli not implemented for float16 on CPU, upcast to float32
        work_dtype = torch.float32

    mask = torch.bernoulli(
        torch.full_like(input=tensor, fill_value=density, dtype=work_dtype)
    )
    res = rescaled_masked_tensor(tensor.to(work_dtype), mask, rescale_norm)
    return res.to(tensor.dtype)


def della_magprune(
    tensor: torch.Tensor,
    density: float,
    epsilon: float,
    rescale_norm: Optional[RescaleNorm] = None,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    if density >= 1:
        return tensor
    if density <= 0:
        return torch.zeros_like(tensor)
    
    # --- SAFETY GUARD START ---
    # Ensure density isn't exactly 0 or 1
    density = max(1e-4, min(1.0 - 1e-4, density))
    
    # Epsilon must be < density AND < (1 - density)
    # If the optimizer guessed a bad epsilon, we shrink it to the max allowed value
    max_epsilon = min(density, 1.0 - density) - 1e-4
    if abs(epsilon) > max_epsilon:
        epsilon = max_epsilon if epsilon > 0 else -max_epsilon
    # --- SAFETY GUARD END ---

    orig_shape = tensor.shape
    work_dtype = (
        tensor.dtype
        if tensor.device.type != "cpu" or tensor.dtype == torch.bfloat16
        else torch.float32
    )

    if len(tensor.shape) < 2:
        tensor = tensor.unsqueeze(0)
    magnitudes = tensor.abs()

    sorted_indices = torch.argsort(magnitudes, dim=1, descending=False)
    ranks = sorted_indices.argsort(dim=1).to(work_dtype) + 1

    min_ranks = ranks.min(dim=1, keepdim=True).values
    max_ranks = ranks.max(dim=1, keepdim=True).values
    rank_norm = ((ranks - min_ranks) / (max_ranks - min_ranks).clamp(min=1e-8)).clamp(0, 1)
    
    # Now this line is guaranteed not to produce values < 0 or > 1
    probs = (density - epsilon) + rank_norm * 2 * epsilon
    mask = torch.bernoulli(probs.clamp(0, 1)).to(work_dtype)

    res = rescaled_masked_tensor(tensor.to(work_dtype), mask, rescale_norm)
    return res.to(tensor.dtype).reshape(orig_shape)


def sparsify(
    tensor: torch.Tensor,
    density: float,
    method: SparsificationMethod,
    gamma: float = 0,
    epsilon: float = 0,
    rescale_norm: Optional[RescaleNorm] = None,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    if method == SparsificationMethod.magnitude:
        return magnitude(tensor, density=density, rescale_norm=rescale_norm)
    elif method == SparsificationMethod.random:
        return bernoulli(tensor, density=density, rescale_norm=rescale_norm)
    elif method == SparsificationMethod.magnitude_outliers:
        return magnitude_outliers(
            tensor, density=density, rescale_norm=rescale_norm, gamma=gamma
        )
    elif method == SparsificationMethod.della_magprune:
        return della_magprune(
            tensor, density=density, epsilon=epsilon, rescale_norm=rescale_norm
        )
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError(method)